Ukuhambisana kweshaja ye-EV nezimoto ezahlukene

Entuthukweni ebalulekile yomkhakha wezimoto zikagesi (EV), intuthuko esezingeni eliphezulu emishinini yokushaja ye-AC ne-DC isilungele ukuqhubekisela phambili ukwamukelwa okusabalele kwama-EV.Ukuvela kwalobu buchwepheshe bokushaja kuthembisa izinketho zokushaja ezisheshayo nezifaneleka kakhudlwana, okusisondeza ekusaseni lezokuthutha elisimeme nelingenayo intuthu.

Ukushaja kwe-AC, okwaziwa nangokuthi ukushaja kweLeveli 1 kanye neleveli 2, kube yindlela eyinhloko yokushaja yabanikazi be-EV.Lezi ziteshi zokushaja, ezivame ukutholakala ezindlini, ezindaweni zokusebenza, nasezindaweni zokupaka izimoto.Isizathu sokuthi abanikazi be-EV bakhethe ishaja ye-AC yingoba inikeza isixazululo sokushaja esihlakaniphile nesifaneleka kakhulu ebusuku.Abanikazi be-EV bavame ukuthanda ukuqala ukushaja imishini yabo ebusuku lapho beyolala, okugcina isikhathi futhi konga imali ezikweletini zikagesi.Kodwa-ke, imboni ibilokhu ilwela ukuthuthukisa ulwazi lokushaja, futhi impumelelo yakamuva ibe nentuthuko enkulu.

(Isithombe esingenhla yimikhiqizo yochungechunge lwe-Weeyu M3W, futhi isithombe esingezansi yimikhiqizo yochungechunge lwe-Weeyu M3P)

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukushaja kwe-DC, okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi Izinga 3 noma ukushaja okusheshayo, kuguqule uhambo olude lwama-EV.Iziteshi zokushaja ze-DC zomphakathi emigwaqweni emikhulu nemizila emikhulu bezibalulekile ekudambiseni ukukhathazeka okuhlukahlukene kanye nokuvumela uhambo lokuhlangana olungenazihibe.Manje, izinto ezintsha zokushaja ze-DC zisethwe ukuze ziguqule umuzwa wokushaja ngokushesha.

(Uchungechunge lwesiteshi sokushaja i-Weeyu DC M4F)

Ekuthuthukisweni okubalulekile kwemboni yezimoto zikagesi (i-EV), uhla olukhulayo lwezinketho zokushaja lukhulise ukuhambisana phakathi kwama-EV nengqalasizinda yokushaja.Njengoba isidingo sama-EV siqhubeka nokwanda emhlabeni wonke, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukushaja okungenamthungo kwamamodeli ezimoto ahlukahlukene sekuyinto ehamba phambili.

Njengoba izimoto zikagesi (ama-EV) zithola umfutho njengesixazululo sezokuthutha esimeme emhlabeni wonke, sekuvele uhla lwezinhlobo zezixhumi zokushaja ukuze kuhlangatshezwane namamodeli ezimoto ahlukahlukene nengqalasizinda yokushaja.Lezi zinhlobo zezixhumi zidlala indima ebalulekile ekusizeni ukuzizwisa ukushaja okusebenzayo nokuthembekile kubanikazi be-EV.Ake sihlole izinhlobo zamanje zesixhumi seshaja ye-EV ezisetshenziswa kabanzi emhlabeni jikelele:

Isixhumi seshaja ye-AC:

• Uhlobo 1Isixhumi (I-SAE J1772): Isixhumi soHlobo loku-1, esaziwa nangokuthi isixhumi se-SAE J1772, saqale senzelweeNyakatho Melikaimakethe.Inomklamo wamaphini amahlanu futhi ngokuyinhloko isetshenziselwa ukushaja kweLeveli 1 kanye neLeveli 2.Isixhumi sohlobo 1 sisetshenziswa kabanzi ku-I-united statesfuthi iyahambisana namamodeli amaningi e-EV aseMelika nase-Asia.

• Uhlobo 2Isixhumi (I-IEC 62196-2): Isixhumi soHlobo lwe-2, esaziwa nangokuthi isixhumi se-IEC 62196-2, sizuze ukudonsa okubalulekileEYurophu.Inomklamo wamaphini ayisikhombisa futhi ifanele ukushaja okushintshayo kwamanje (AC) kanye nokushaja okusheshayo kwamanje (DC).Isixhumi sohlobo 2 sisekela ukushaja kumaleveli wamandla ahlukahlukene futhi sihambisana namaningiYaseYurophuAmamodeli we-EV.

Isixhumi seshaja ye-DC:

• CHAdeMOIsixhumi: Isixhumi se-CHAdeMO iyisixhumi sokushaja esisheshayo se-DC esisetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko abakhiqizi bezimoto baseJapan njengeNissan neMitsubishi.Isekela ukushaja kwe-DC enamandla amakhulu futhi ifaka umklamo wepulaki oyingqayizivele, omise okwendilinga.Isixhumi se-CHAdeMO sihambisana ne-CHAdeMO-equipped EVs futhi sivame kakhuluJapan, EYurophu, nezinye izifunda e-United States.

• I-CCSIsixhumi (Uhlelo Oluhlanganisiwe Lokushaja): Isixhumi Sesistimu Yokushaja Ehlanganisiwe (CCS) siyindinganiso yomhlaba wonke evelayo ethuthukiswe abakhiqizi bezimoto base-Europe nabaseMelika.Ihlanganisa amandla okushaja e-AC kanye ne-DC kusixhumi esisodwa.Isixhumi se-CCS sisekela ukushaja kweLeveli 1 kanye neLeveli 2 AC futhi sinika amandla ukushaja okusheshayo kwe-DC enamandla amakhulu.Iya ngokuya idumile emhlabeni jikelele, ikakhulukazi kuEYurophukanye neI-united states.

• I-Tesla SuperchargerIsixhumi: U-Tesla, umkhiqizi we-EV ohamba phambili, usebenzisa inethiwekhi yakhe yokushaja eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Tesla Superchargers.Izimoto zakwaTesla ziza nesixhumi sokushaja esiyingqayizivele esiklanyelwe inethiwekhi yabo ye-Supercharger.Kodwa-ke, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuhambisana, uTesla wethule ama-adaptha nokusebenzisana namanye amanethiwekhi wokushaja, okuvumela abanikazi beTesla ukuthi basebenzise ingqalasizinda yokushaja okungeyona eye-Tesla.

 

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi nakuba lezi zinhlobo zezixhumi zimele izindinganiso ezivame kakhulu, ukuhluka kwesifunda kanye nezinhlobo zokuxhunywa ezengeziwe zingase zibe khona ezimakethe ezithile.Ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana okungenazihibe, amamodeli amaningi e-EV eza afakwe izinketho eziningi zembobo yokushaja noma ama-adaptha azivumela ukuthi zixhumeke ezinhlotsheni zeziteshi zokushaja ezihlukene.

Kodwa-ke, amashaja e-Weeyu ayahambisana nesixhumi esibonakalayo sokushaja se-Electric Vehicles.Abanikazi be-EV bangathola yonke imisebenzi oyifunayo ku-Weeyu.Uchungechunge lwe-M3Pzingamashaja e-AC asezingeni lase-US, alungele wonke ama-EV ahambisana nezinga le-SAE J1772 (Type1), atholeIsitifiketi se-ULyeshaja ye-EV;Uchungechunge lwe-M3Wamashaja e-AC kokubili kumazinga ase-US namazinga aseYurophu, afanele wonke ama-EV athobela i-IEC62196-2(Uhlobo 2) kanye ne-SAE J1772 (Uhlobo1) ejwayelekile, itholeI-CE(LVD, RED) RoHS, REACHIzitifiketi zeshaja ye-EV.Eyethu I-M4F Ishaja ye-DC kuwo wonke ama-EV ithobela i-IEC62196-2(Uhlobo 2) kanye ne-SAE J1772 (Uhlobo 1).Ukuze uthole imininingwane yepharamitha yomkhiqizo, sicela uchofoze Hlapha.